Abstract
Objective:The study aimed to ascertain different causes and outcomes of convulsive status epilepticus in children.Methods:From January 2018 to June 2018, seventy three patients who presented with status epilepticus were studied. Data were recorded with the help of a pre-formed performa. Etiological factors and outcomes in terms of recovery, morbidity and mortality were studied.Results:Out of 73 children, forty one (56%) were males and 32(44%) were females with median age of 1.09±0.27 years. Etiologies were acute symptomatic 25(34%), febrile 19(26%), progressive encephalopathy 10(14%), remote symptomatic 10(14%) and idiopathic 7 (9%) with p-value 0.005. Status epilepticus was controlled within one hour in 42(57%), within 1-6 hours in 21(29%) and more than 6 hours in 10(14%) patients with p-value 0.027. During hospitals stay, twenty one (29%) patients recovered completely, seizure recurred in 12(16%), Twelve (16%) became mentally retarded, Twelve (16%) developed mental retardation along with seizures and 16(22%) died. Eight (10.9%) deaths were attributed to acute symptomatic etiology with p-value less than 0.001.Conclusion:This study concluded that acute symptomatic etiology was more common cause of status epilepticus as compared to other etiologies and it is associated with poorer outcomes as compared to other etiologies.
Highlights
Status epilepticus is considered a very common neurological disease which usually presents as an emergency requires immediate steps for prevention of permanent damage to the brain tissues.[1]Prevalence is usually high in extreme of ages i.e. in children and elderly adults, but it can occur almost at any age in the form of prolonged seizures.[1,2] There are multiple conditions in which status epilepticus can present in children, infections, hypoxia, head trauma, cerebral malformations and patients with previously established epilepsy.[3]
Etiology and outcomes of convulsive status epilepticus in children
Importance of this study can be recognized from the fact that study of etiology and possible outcomes in terms of mortality and morbidity of the patients could help in making recommendations for the clinicians
Summary
Status epilepticus is considered a very common neurological disease which usually presents as an emergency requires immediate steps for prevention of permanent damage to the brain tissues.[1]. Importance of this study can be recognized from the fact that study of etiology and possible outcomes in terms of mortality and morbidity of the patients could help in making recommendations for the clinicians. It could help in better understanding the pattern of the status epilepticus. In this study by assessing the possible causes of status epilepticus and its outcomes in children, we can make better decisions for management of status epilepticus
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