Abstract
Aggression to the liver by xenobiotic and endogenous agents essentially results in an increase in serum aminotransferases related to hepatic cytolysis, the diagnosis of which is not always easy due to the diversity of its causes. This was a cross-sectional study from April 2019 to March 2020 that took place in the Department of Hepato-gastroenterology of the Gabriel Touré University Hospital Center. This was a cross-sectional study from April 2019 to March 2020 which took place in the Hepato Gastroenterology department of the Gabriel Touré university hospital whose objective of which was to study the etiology of hepatic cytolysis. We included all patients with hepatic cytolysis resulting in increased aminotransferase alanine at a rate higher than the normal upper limit with or without an increase of aspartate aminotransferase. We collected 199/2800 patients who met our inclusion criteria, i.e., a frequency of 7.1%. The mean age was 44.06 years ± 16.4 years, the sex ratio was 1.73. The most common clinical signs were jaundice, ascites, hepatomegaly, asthenia and anorexia. Biologically, chronic cytolysis was noted with a moderate elevation of aminotransferase alanine in 77.9% and a significant elevation in 15.5% of cases. HBs antigen (HBsAg) was positive in 80 patients (40.2%) and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody in 18 patients (9%). Abdominal ultrasound was the first-line morphological examination and hepatomegaly alone or associated with splenomegaly was the most common abnormality. The main causes of acute cytolysis were viral hepatitis B, bile duct obstructions, drug-induced hepatitis and malaria while chronic cytolysis was mainly due to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Highlights
The liver, the crossroads of most metabolisms, is subject to attack by many xenobiotic and endogenous agents
This was a cross-sectional study from April 2019 to March 2020 which took place in the Hepato Gastroenterology department of the Gabriel Touré university hospital whose objective of which was to study the etiology of hepatic cytolysis
In the work Debonne et al [10], after steatosis (52%), chronic hepatitis with or without cirrhosis viral predominance B is the second largest diagnostic framework (33% of cases). This is confirmed by our study which found an elevation of transaminases > 1.5 N and
Summary
The liver, the crossroads of most metabolisms, is subject to attack by many xenobiotic and endogenous agents. The etiological diagnosis of hepatic cytolysis is not always easy due to the diversity of its causes. It is, useful to determine the cause for appropriate management. Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) has narrower specificity for the liver, a predominance of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) may be observed in some situations. These enzymes expressed hepatocellular suffering, they do not always have a prognostic value
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