Etiological structure of pig colibacillosis on the territory of the Russian Federation

Abstract

In the course of the study, the results were obtained proving that on the territory of pig breeding enterprises in some regions of the Russian Federation, at least 29 E. Coli serogroups are circulating, both intestinal (enterotoxigenic - ETEC, enteropathogenic - EPEC, enterohemorragic - EHEC, enteroaggregative - EAEC, diffusely adherent - DAEC), and extraintestinal (uropathogenic - UPEC, neonatal meningitis - NMEC, avian pathogenic - APEC). The O2 serogroup has the largest share in this structure - 10.13%, then comes O4 – 9.13%, O20 – 6.98%, O41 – 6.95%, O35 – 5.74%, O55 – 5.62%, O33 – 5.38%, O26 – 5.02%, O119 – 4.14%, O111 – 3.93%, O18 – 3.23%, O103 – 2.99%, O8 – 2.96%, O1 and O126 - 2.93% each, O127 – 2.54%, O141 – 2.39%, O15 – 2.27%, O78 – 2.21%, O117 – 2.12%, O139 – 1.06%, O101 – 2.00%, O115 – 1.36%, O86 – 1.33%, O138 – 1.12%, O142 and O9 - 0.85 %, O149 – 0.67% and O3 – 0.18% each. Most of the E. Coli isolates were not serotyped due to the limited capabilities of the diagnostic kit. Most of the identified Escherichia serogroups (28 out of 29) were isolated from adult sows on a commercial reproducer, which suggests that this physiological group of animals is the main source of E. coli. At the same time, it was recorded that in addition to the vertical path of transmission of the pathogen (from sows to young animals), the horizontal path of transmission (for example, from people, with food, with water, with rodents, etc.) has an important role in the spread of colibacillosis. The results obtained can be useful for practicing veterinary specialists when planning therapeutic measures for pig colibacillosis.