Etiological structure of leptospirosis circulated in populations of farm animals in Yakutia

Abstract

It is necessary to know the etiological structure of diseases in each region of the country that affects a particular animal species for successful prevention and diagnosis of natural focal diseases, in particular leptospirosis. In this paper, the authors presented research materials on the distribution and etiological structure of pathogenic leptospirosis circulating in the populations of farm animals in Yakutia. Currently, 8 unfavorable points for animal leptospirosis have been registered in Yakutia: two cattle and six horses. A comparative analysis of the etiological structure of leptospirosis in agricultural animals (cattle, horses) testifies to the diversity of leptospira serological groups circulating in the republic. Thus 7 serogroups are registered in cattle, among which the leptospira serogroups Icterohaemorrahagiae (36.0%) and Grippotyphosa (27.1%) dominate. Infection of animals averages 3.2%, in the central zone, where about 63% of the total livestock in the region is concentrated, the level of infection of livestock in the districts of the zone ranges from 0.14 to 8.58%. The highest infection rate of animals is observed in Gorny (8.58%), Namsky (2.26%), and Yakutsk (1.35%) regions. In this zone, circulation of 6 leptospira serogroups is recorded: Grippotyphosa (30.8%), Icterohaemorrahagiae (29.0%) and Tarassovi (27.1%), to a lesser extent Canicola (7.5%), Pomona (3.7%) and Sejroe (1.9%). It should be noted that no Leptospira Hebdomadis were found in cattle in the Central Zone. In Yakut horses, 6 serogroups were identified, among which the leptospira serogroups Hebdomadis (31.5%) and Tarassovi (28.7%) dominate. In the Central zone, where the main number of horses in the region (61.1%) is concentrated the infection rate of animals is an average of 3.2%. The level of infection of horses in the districts of the zone ranges from 0.15 to 8.62%. The highest infection rate of horses is recorded in the horse breeding farms of Gorny (8.62%), Kobyaisky (8.59%), Tattinsky (6.17%), and Churapchinsky (5.74%) districts. It should be noted that L. Pomona does not occur in horses.