Etiological factors and surgical treatment of non-traumatic vitreous hemorrhage

Abstract

Objective To investigate the etiological factors and the efficacy of surgical treatment of non-traumatic vitreous hemorrhage. Methods The etiologic factor and the recovery of visual functions in a total of 130 eyes of 130 patients with non-traumatic vitreous hemorrhage were analyzed retrospectively. They had undergone vitrectomy in our department. Results Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) was found in 56 eyes of vitreous hemorrhage, including branch retina occlusion (BRVO) in 41 eyes and central retina vein occlusion (CRVO) in 15 eyes. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)was found in 47 eyes, Eales'disease was found in 11 eyes. Retina hole/retina detachment (RH/RD) was found in 11 eyes.Age-related macular degeneration(AMD) was found in 2 eyes.And retina angiomatosis was found in 1 eye. The etiological distribution was related to the age. Among the 25 patients who were 45 years old or younger, the most common cause was Eale's disease, which occurred in 10 eyes (40.00%). RH/RD was found in 7 eyes(28.00%), PDR in 5 eyes(20.00%), RVO in 2 eyes (8.00%), and angiomatosis in 1 eye(4.00%). Among the 105 patients whose age were over 45 years, RVO was in 54 eyes (51.43%), and PDR was in 42 eyes(40.00%), RH/RD in 4 eyes(3.81%), AMD in 2 eyes (1.90%), pure vitreous hemorrhage in 2 eyes (1.90%), Eales'disease in 1 eye (0.96%). The postoperative best correct visual acuity improved in 104 eyes (80.00%), was unchanged in 20 eyes (15.38%) and decreased in 6 eyes (4.62%). Compared with preoperative one, the number of patients that the visual acuity over than 0.05 increased after surgery, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion RVO, PDR, Eale's disease and RH/RD are the common causes of vitreous hemorrhage. Vitreous hemorrhage should be early diagnosed and timely treated with vitrectomy, to improve vision and reduce postoperative complications. Key words: Vitreous hemorrhage; Etiological factors; Vitrectomy; Efficacy, surgical