Etiological divergence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among culture proven cases of neonatal sepsis from a tertiary care teaching institute in a konkan region of Maharashtra

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal mortality is one of the major obstacle to achieve present days health goals of world health organization & neonatal sepsis is important preventable causes behind neonatal mortality all over the world. Analysis of etiology of neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among isolates helps in implementation of antimicrobial policy in NICU for rational empirical antibiotics. Aim and Objectives: This study was carried out to analyze etiology, the change in trends in bacteriological agents of neonatal sepsis & also studying antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in these different isolates during study period. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study. In this study all the records of blood culture samples taken from suspected neonatal sepsis cases in NICU & which are received & processed in Microbiology department are analyzed, during January 2017 to August 2019. Results: Total 400 blood culture reports were analyzed from 400 suspected neonatal sepsis cases, out of that 98 were pure growth indicating 24.50% culture positivity. In these cases of neonatal sepsis 57 were male & 41 were female. These newborn with sepsis had risk factors like preterm neonates (55.10%) low birth weight (53.06%) & Birth asphyxia (31.63%). Though there was Year wise variation observed in etiological agents of neonatal sepsis Overall 77(78.57%) isolates were gram negative organism & The most common etiological agent of neonatal sepsis was Pantoea Species (25 isolates) followed by Klebsiella species (24 isolates). It was observed that against antimicrobial agent’s like ceftazidime, ceftazidime clavunic acid, cefoperazone, piperacillin tazobactum, ampicillin & cefoperazone sulbactum gram negative isolates showed marked resistance. While gram positive isolates showed resistance towards penicillin, cefoxitin, azithromycin & calirithromycin. High Mortality 25.51% was seen in culture proven cases of neonatal sepsis. Conclusion: We observed