Etiological Aspects for the Occurrence of Diabetic Neuropathy and the Suggested Measures

Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy is a painful devitalizing complication of diabetes affecting almost 20% individuals with this disease. Based on the area where neurons are mostly affected, it is categorized into four different types, proximal, peripheral, autonomic, and focal, and each type shows varying symptoms like numbness, gastric problems, heart problems, etc. Sometimes, these symptoms are mistakenly taken as those of gastric disorders, heart attack, or arrhythmia, with paying no attention to the inflamed neuronal supply in the particular area. Despite being aware of the symptoms, it is still a major challenging task for concerned endocrinologists and neurologists to diagnose it among the participants in clinics or in clinical trials. Treatment of diabetic neuropathy involves three major approaches, maintenance of the sugar level, pathogenetic treatment, and relieve of pain. Certain recommended drugs for pain relief are antidepressants (like duloxetine), GABA analogs (like gabapentin or pregabalin), and some other proposed treatments under research (like α-lipoic acid, aldose reductase inhibitors, or benfoitamine). The current drugs which are being provided for this disease are all indirectly acting and doesn’t have any direct action on the neuronal part. So, currently the need for today is to provide most potent drugs or combination of drugs to relieve the pain of diabetic neuropathy individuals by acting directly on the nerves without laying any side effects.