Ethylene Glycol: Urea: NH4Cl Low Melting Mixture‐Assisted Reactions between Aromatic Aldehydes and Active Methylene Compounds

Abstract

AbstractSustainable reaction processes have become a subject of high priority in the previous decade. Low melting mixtures play a great role in building up greener pathways for organic reactions. The easiness in preparation, low toxicity, non‐metallic behaviour, recyclability, low cost and biodegradability have made the low melting mixtures important. In this article, we explore the behaviour of the reaction between different active methylene compounds and aldehydes. A low melting mixture can act as solvent, catalyst and reactant when the reaction between aromatic aldehydes and active methylene groups are conducted. Ethylene Glycol: Urea: NH4Cl mixture was used as catalyst and solvent to get α‐β unsaturated products, while it behaved as catalyst, solvent and reactant to get dihydropyrimidinones. All the reactions were done at 30 °C which was the least reported in reactions with low melting mixtures. The physical properties such as solubility in organic solvents, density, acidity, viscosity, surface tension, refractive index, glass transition temperature, thermal stability, polarity, IR spectra and cytotoxicity of the mixture was studied. The α‐β unsaturated products and dihydropyrimidinones were characterized using GC‐MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques.