Abstract
The abscission of certain organs from the plant is part of the fulfilment of its developmental programs. The separation process occurs in a specialized abscission zone usually formed at the base of detached organ. The changing level of phytohormones, particularly ethylene, is the element responsible for coordinating anatomical and physiological transformation that accompanies organ abscission. The application of ethylene (ET) on <em>Lupinus luteus</em> stimulates flower abortion. However, the treatment with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) – direct ET precursor – does not cause such a strong physiological response. In turn, when applied on the pedicels both ET biosynthesis (2-aminoethoxyvinylglycine; AVG) and action (norbornadiene; NBD) inhibitors reversed the stimulatory effect of ET on generative organ separation. In order to determine ET role in the flower abscission process in <em>L. luteus</em>, we identified the sequences coding for synthase (<em>LlACS</em>) and oxidase (<em>LlACO</em>) of ACC and measured their expression levels. Abscission zone activation is accompanied by a considerable increase both in <em>LlACS</em> and <em>LlACO</em> cDNAs and also ACC content, which is specifically localized in the dividing cells at the base of the flower being detached. Obtained results suggest that ET is a strong stimulator of flower abortion in <em>L. luteus</em>.
Highlights
In yellow lupine, flower formation and development processes are of crucial importance for its productivity, but entail excessive and premature flower abscission
Flower abscission takes place in the abscission zone (AZ), which is located at the base of the pedicel, while this process is related to anatomical and physiological changes coordinated by phytohormones [3,4]
Under the effect of exogenous ACC and ethylene, the number of flowers abscised grew to 49% and 95%, respectively
Summary
Flower formation and development processes are of crucial importance for its productivity, but entail excessive and premature flower abscission. Depending on the level of the inflorescence, between 50 and 90% of all the flowers set are abscised [1,2]. Flower abscission takes place in the abscission zone (AZ), which is located at the base of the pedicel, while this process is related to anatomical and physiological changes coordinated by phytohormones [3,4]. Almost every plant tissue is able to produce ET, but in most cases its level is relatively low, only increasing. Frankowski et al / Ethylene-dependent effects on flower abscission further details such as certification time and a signing reason in case any alterations made to the final content. If the certificate is missing or invalid it is recommended to verify the article on the journal website
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