Abstract
Mutagenic effects of three concentrations of ethyl methane sulphonate [EMS] (0.1, 0.15 and 0.20%) to improve floral, foliar, corm and quality attributes in saffron was evaluated. A considerable genetic variability was observed among the mutagenic lines created with 0.15 and 0.20% EMS dose with significant shift in mean values in positive direction for almost all the traits studied. Identification of 64 mutant lines from available population of 660 lines confirmed highest mutagenic frequency of 43.75% by 0.15% EMS followed by 0.2% EMS (42.18%); whereas 0.10% EMS showed least mutagenic frequency. Component analysis showed medium to high GCV values for most of the traits confirming variability of genetic nature thereby implying that clonal selection has paramount significance in the identification of elite lines. Divergence analysis grouped 92% mutagenic lines in cluster 1 followed by 6.1% in cluster 2 and 1.5% in cluster 3. Maximum contribution towards divergence of most of the traits was recorded by lines ‘SS/EMS-3/113’, ‘SS/EMS-3/132’, ‘SS/EMS-3/130’ and ‘SS/EMS-1/219’. Per se performance studies identified 18 extraordinary lines which showed significant superiority over base population for floral, foliar, corm and quality attributes and thus can be harnessed for commercial exploitation for enhancement in factor productivity per unit area.
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