Abstract
<p class="Abstract">The study was conducted to provide the ethnopharmacological bases of the crude extract of seed pods of <em>Ceratonia siliqua</em> in the gastrointestinal spasm, diarrhea and emesis. In segregated rabbit jejunum, it showed dose-dependent (0.01-10 mg/mL) relaxation of spontaneous as well as carbachol (1 µM)-induced contraction. Pre-treatment of segregated rat ileum with <em>C. siliqua</em>, significantly (p&lt;0.0001) suppressed the carbachol (1 µM)-induced contraction similar to atropine (1 µM). These results indicated that <em>C. siliqua</em> possesses spasmolytic activity through possible blockage of muscarinic receptor in jejunum preparations. Furthermore, the crude extract inhibited the castor oil-induced diarrhea, charcoal meal propulsion in mice and copper sulfate-induced retches in chicks in a dose-dependent manner (100, 200, 300 mg/kg). These in vitro and in vivo results indicate that <em>C. siliqua</em> possesses the spasmolytic and antidiarrheal activities mediated possibly through blockage of muscarinic receptors. Thus, this study provides a rationale for its folkloric use.</p><p><strong>Video Clip of Methodology</strong>:</p><p>12 min 42 sec <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/BQGWdIZqpsY">Full Screen</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQGWdIZqpsY">Alternate</a></p>
Highlights
Ceratonia siliqua L. (Fabaceae) known by its vernacular name Kharnub/Caroob
Phytochemical screening of aqueous methanolic extract of C. siliqua pods indicated the presence of some important secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins and tannins
A scientific in vivo study was conducted on immature and mature carob pods which claimed that phytochemical constituent(s) variations in immature and mature carob pods play a role in the management of diarrhea and constipation (Rtibi et al, 2016b)
Summary
Ceratonia siliqua L. (Fabaceae) known by its vernacular name Kharnub/Caroob (part used: Pods). Pods of C. siliqua are used in the food industry as food supplement and food additives. It has pharmaceutical as well as nutraceutical importance. Pods are the good source of carbohydrate, dietary fibre, fat and protein. It contains polyphenols, gallic acid, proanthocyanin, gallo-tannins, catechin, epicatechin gallate, quercetin glycosides, flavonoids, fructose, glucose and sucrose (Nasar-Abbas et al, 2016). Gallic acid, proanthocyanin, gallo-tannins, catechin, epicatechin gallate, quercetin glycosides, flavonoids, fructose, glucose and sucrose (Nasar-Abbas et al, 2016) It is a rich source of amino acids such as aspartic acid, alanine, glutamic acid and valine as well as minerals, potassium and calcium (Ayaz et al, 2007)
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