Abstract
Ethnography of communication, formerly ethnography of speaking, is the founding theory and method of linguistic anthropology. It was launched in the 1960s by Dell Hymes and John Gumperz, in collaboration with a cohort of linguists, sociologists, ordinary language philosophers, and anthropologists. The ethnography of communication adapts key ideas and methods from Boasian anthropology, from structural linguistics and from conversation analysis to the study of speech in sociocultural context. Early studies developed accounts of coherence, conventionality, and particularity in the local organization of speech practices for a given community. Comparison between studies, and the study of disjuncture between communities in contact, helped establish expectations of diversity and variation of communicative norms across different speech communities. Subsequent works have incorporated elements of practice theory and dialogism, and have addressed trans‐local social relations, including globalization and colonialism.
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