Abstract
Mandailing tribe is an Indonesian ethnic group who lives around the Batang Gadis National Park (BGNP), North Sumatra. This community have local knowledge about the environment including taxonomy of topography and water flow. This study aimed to reveal the ethnoecology knowledge of Mandailing tribe. The study was conducted in November 2015 in four villages around the BGNP, Sibanggor Jae, Hutabaringin Julu, Pastap Jae and Botung Village. Data was obtained through interviewing to informants in every village as well as survey in the field through emic and ethic approaches. The results showed that Mandailing tribe classified their environment into 6 lanscaps, harangan (forest), kobun (garden), saba (rice field), alaman (yard), huta (settlement) and aek (springs). There were 98 plant species in harangan, 93 plant species in kobun, 105 plant species in saba and 126 plant species in alaman that are utilized by Mandailing Tribe. Knowledge in environmental management including the implementation of terracing system in rice fields in areas of hills and the implementation of agroforestry systems on agricultural lands. The environmental knowledge of Mandailing tribe can be used as a recommendation in developing a policy around TNBG area that was mainly related to the management of conservation areas in the region.
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