Ethnobotanical survey of herbal steam baths among the Tenggerese community in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia

Abstract

The use of traditional medicines, including medicinal plant in steam baths, is widespread in various traditional healthcare systems. This study aims to document and evaluate the plant species used in herbal steam baths within the Tenggerese community in the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia, with a focus on women’s reproductive health. A combination of semi-structured interviews and observations was conducted with 13 female informants, including traditional birth attendants and women with children. A total of 12 plant species from 9 families were identified, with Cananga odorata, Piper betle, Rosa chinensis, and Jasminum sambac being the most frequently mentioned. The preparation and utilization of herbal steam baths in the Tenggerese community, particularly in postpartum care, were described. Several plants commonly used in the steam baths have been studied for their phytochemical compounds and pharmacological properties, supporting their traditional use.