Abstract

Capitalism did not extend around the globe by an invisible hand; it was imposed in face-to-face encounters that drew European colonizers and indigenous populations into processes of confrontation, accommodation, and exchange. Russian conquest and rule of Alaska (1743–1867) was accompanied by class-mediated cultural fusion and the emergence of a new, creolized ethnicity, a transformation inscribed in textual records and archaeological sites of the colonial era. This chapter examines ethnic processes in Russian America on several scales: the dynamics of Russian participation in the capitalist world-system; relations of production within the colony, which varied as a function of supply and control; social hierarchy and interaction; and the material language of ethnic negotiation.

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