Ethnic variation in breast cancer incidence and outcomes—the debate continues

Abstract

Ethnic variation in breast cancer outcomes has been known for many decades. Much of the data derives from the US, whereas disparities seen in the United Kingdom are less well studied. Epidemiologic data suggest that the incidence of breast cancer in black women is less than that of white women, while their outcomes are significantly worse (Bowen et al, 2006). Despite advances in the treatment and detection of breast cancer, these ethnic disparities have persisted over recent years (Colditz et al, 2006). Causative factors are complex and multifaceted but those suggested to be influential include biologic variations in tumour characteristics, differential presentation, variations in co-morbidities, differences in treatment and of course socioeconomic status.