Abstract
Two-dimensionality of the Ukrainian mentality as a combination of two types of mentality – agricultural (peasant) and Cossack – has established the fundamental principles of organization of the Ukrainian society as based on internal mechanisms of self-organization. The events of the late eighteenth century, such as destruction of the Zaporizhian Sich, liquidation of remnants of the autonomous system of Ukraine and the Cossacks as the lead social group, introduction of serfdom, implementation of Russian laws in the territory of "Russian" Ukraine, etc., had a negative impact on the balanced two-dimensional ethnic mentality, rendering it features of introversiveness. This manifested itself in the intensification of internal life due to external activity, dominance of the humanistic component – morality, goodwill, aestheticism.
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