ETHNIC ASPECTS OF RURAL MIGRATION IN THE FEDOROVSKY DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

Abstract

The article examines the ethnic aspects of population migration in rural Bashkiria. The study area, i. e. Fedorovsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan, is distinguished by a high ethno-cultural diversity of the population with six large ethnic groups living there, namely Tatars, Russians, Bashkirs, Chuvashes, Mordvins and Ukrainians. The methods of research are the analysis of municipal statistics and household books of rural settlements, the study of “genealogical trees”, the questioning of people and the autobiographical interviews. Different data sources were used to analyze the dynamics of rural migration at the level of rural settlements of the Fedorovsky district in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet periods. It was found that the migration behavior of population depends on the ethnic structure of rural settlements and their geographical location. The ethnic groups represented in the Fedorovsky district are at different stages of U. Zelinsky migration model, which is reflected in the current migration situation in rural settlements. Collected statistical data allowed selective presentation of the post-Soviet structure of the intraregional geography of rural migration of the population of some settlements in the context of the cities close to the Fedorovsky district, i. e. Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Ishimbai and Meleuz. The final part of the article interprets the results of questioning to describe the mechanism of making a decision on educational migration for residents of three rural settlements with different ethnic structure of population, i. e. Mordovian Kuzminovka, Tatar Deniskino and Chuvash Kiryushino.