Ethics and Sustainability: A Review of Water Policy and Management

Abstract

Problem statement: This is a review paper that examines the extent as pects such as ethics, sustainability and the environment manifest in the water policy and water management in Malaysia. The study examines two aspects of this topic; first ly it examines the various objectives and considerations in the National Water Policy and sec ondly it discusses the issues that arise regarding water policy and management, especially with regard to federal-states jurisdiction issues, legislation s in water management and the problems related to int er-agency coordination, especially among agencies involved in the management of rivers. Approach: A qualitative approach is employed in this study. It provides a comprehensive review of the st ated problem based on document analysis and interviews with individuals involved in policy form ulation and from agencies involved in water management. Results: The study reveals two major findings; the first sh ows that the National Water Policy provide a holistic approach in dealing with water-by providing safe, adequate and affordable water supply to people; providing sufficient water that will ensure national and food security and promote rural development; sufficient water to spur and sustain economic growth; and protection of the water environment to preserve water resources. Second, it examines issues regarding water management such as the jurisdiction between federal and state governments, legislations and enforcement and inefficiency in inter-agency coordi nation that hinder the realization of this policy's objectives. Conclusion: The study concludes that despite the holistic cove rage of the national water policy, there are apparent problems with regard to the jurisdiction, legislation and coordination initiatives that have resulted in the poor manageme nt of water resources. The study postulates that, i n addition to better coordination between water relat ed agencies and more cohesive water legislations structure, it is fundamental to infuse the knowledg e of 'water ethics' among water managers, institutions, the general public and into water po licy formulation and implementation initiatives.