Ethical aspects of biomedical research in the context of progress in medicine

Abstract

Among numerous branches of science, advances in biomedical research are perceived to be the most controversial. This relates to biomedical experiments which involve human and animal trials. This article attempts to outline both historical and current dilemmas in the field of biomedical sciences. The aim of this study was to discuss ethical and moral issues connected with experiments involving animals and human beings. The authors aimed at presenting directions of development for new branches of medicine. This study presents a review of contemporary medical literature and legal regulations concerning experiments on animals and human beings. The issue and definition of bioethics, its historical evolution, as well as specificity of medical sciences, experimental control methods, current implementation of a new operative technique – fetal surgery – and legal regulations concerning the protection of animals used for experimental purposes are presented. Experiments have always been a part of medical developments and it is unlikely that such would ever be abandoned. Over the years, not only the advancement of medical procedures, but also the efficacy of treatment has changed. Along with developments in medicine, the approach to medical experimentation on humans and animals has changed as well. Currently, medical experimentation has entered a new age which may be termed “humanitarian,” “planned” or “aimed,” which are all connected with devising well-accepted standards and appropriate legal regulations.