Ethanol Sensing Properties of Au‐functionalized NiO Nanoparticles

Abstract

Pristine and Au‐functionalized nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple solvothermal route and the ethanol sensing properties of multiple‐networked Au‐doped and undoped NiO nanoparticle sensors were examined. The pristine and Au‐functionalized NiO nanoparticle sensor showed responses of 442 and 273%, respectively, to 1000 ppm of ethanol at 325 °C. The Au‐functionalized NiO nanoparticle sensor showed faster response than the pristine NiO counterpart, whereas the recovery time of the former was similar to that of the latter. The optimal operating temperature of the pristine and Au‐functionalized NiO nanoparticles was 325 and 350 °C, respectively, by Au‐doping. Both the pristine and Au‐functionalized NiO nanoparticle sensors showed selectivity for ethanol gas over methanol, acetone, benzene, and toluene gases. The underlying mechanism of the enhanced sensing performance of the Au‐functionalized NiO nanoparticles toward ethanol might be due to modulation of the depletion layer formed around Au particles and the Schottky barriers formed at the Au–NiO junction accompanying ethanol adsorption and desorption, the spill‐over effect and high catalytic activity of Au nanoparticles and the smaller diameter of the particles in the Au‐functionalized NiO sensor.