Abstract
Ethanol production from sulphuric acid whey permeate by Kluyveromyces marxianus Y-113 was examined in a membrane recycle bioreactor. The system was operated with 100% cell recycle and at a steady-state with 10 g litre −1 biomass. At D = 0·44 h −1 almost complete utilization of 53 g litre −1 lactose was achieved with an ethanol productivity of 8·6 g litre −1 h −1. Increasing the inlet lactose concentration or dilution rate increased the ethanol productivity but at the expense of lactose utilization. Elevated biomass or ethanol concentrations markedly decreased the specific growth rate and specific ethanol production rate.
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