ETHANOL EXTRACT OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL REDUCES HISTOLOGICAL COUNT OF ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE AND PULMONARY ALVEOLAR SPACE SIZE IN MALE WHITE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) EXPOSED TO CIGARETTE SMOKE

Abstract

This study aims to analyze histological alveolar macrophage cell number and width of pulmonary alveolar space white male rats given ethanol extract of mangosteen peel and then exposed to cigarette smoke. Smoking can reduce antioxidant and increases free radicals, so it is recommended increasing the antioxidants found in many mangosteen rind. This research was an experimental laboratory using the randomized post test-only control group design. White rats male were chosen randomly into 5 groups (K1, K2, P1, P2, P3). K1 (control-), only the Na-CMC 0.5%, K2 (control+) given Na-CMC 0.5% solution and smoke, P1, P2, P3 given the ethanol extract of mangosteen rind (50, 100, and 200mg/kg wt) and smoke. The data were tested normality and homogenity. Then they were analyzed with one-way Anova, LSD. Data that are not normally tested with Robust tests – (Brown-Forsythe) and Tamhane’s. Correlation test with Pearson and Spearman. Robust test results, the number of alveolar macrophages, value p=0.000 (p<a). Tamhane’s test results K1 significant with P1, P2, P3. P1 significant with P3. Spearman correlation test negative correlation between dose and the number of alveolar macrophage also negative correlation between dose and pulmonary alveolar space. Anova test results, the average variable width of the alveolar spaces, value p=0.000 (p<a). LSD test results are significant differences between the groups, except the group P1 to P2, P3 and P2 to P3. Conclusions of this study is the ethanol extract of mangosteen peel can reduce the number of alveolar macrophage cells and reduce the width of pulmonary alveolar space white male rats were exposed to cigarette smoke.