Abstract
The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is well-documented and researched in dogs due to the unique characteristic of its transmissible cells. Despite of the vast scientific literature regarding genital TVT, the extragenital TVT is also present in many endemic countries, but the scientific descriptions about this disease came from isolated reports and case series. Thus, the objective of this study was to gather all the national and international information available of extragenital TVT in dogs and analyze it in the form of a systematic review, aiming understanding the countries with the highest incidence of cases, the relationship with the patients' review (race, sex and age), genital involvement, extragenital location, choice treatment and evolution of the disease. The results demonstrated 134 cases of the extragenital TVT with 214 extragenital lesions. The most of the studies came from Europe and South America. The mixed-bred dogs and males ranging from one to five years-old were the most commonly diagnosticated. The external organs were frequently affected and the ascendant tumor infiltration seemed was rare. The vincristine was the treatment of choice in almost all patients, having a complete remission in 79% of reported cases. In addition, it was observed that multiple lesions and chemoresistance can have a negative impact on the prognosis of this disease.
Highlights
The results demonstrated 134 cases of the extragenital transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) with 214 extragenital lesions
Surgery was curative in one dog, in the another one the evolution disease was not informed. This is the first systematic review about extragenital TVT in dogs that involves a description of a high number of cases in veterinary medicine
The males (56.5%) were slightly more affected than females (43.5%); similar results were found by Strakova and Murchison (2014), who tried to establish the global distribution of canine TVT, collecting information from all around the world
Summary
The principle extragenital locations reported in literature scientific are the skin, eyes and nasal cavity, being less commonly described in spleen, liver, lymph nodes and central nervous system. In this context, metastasis or ascension of genitalia to urogenital organs like urine bladder, uterus and ovary can be present (Chiti & Amber, 1992; Ganguly et al, 2016). This study aimed to collect available information in the national and international literature about the extragenital TVT in dogs and organizes it as a systematic review, aiming understanding the countries with the highest incidence of cases, the relationship with the patients' review (breed, sex and age), genital involvement, extragenital location, choice treatment and evolution of the disease
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