Estudo de prevalência das disfunções temporomandibulares articulares em estudantes de instrumentos de sopro

Abstract

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorders in wind instrument players and to establish the relationship between the practice of a wind instrument and the development of temporomandibular disorders. Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional observational descriptive study, was conducted to determine the prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorders in students of winds instruments, at Escola Profissional de Artes da Beira Interior (Covilhã ‐ Portugal), using the Portuguese version of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and to evaluate possible risk factors associated with it. Analysis was performed using IBM© SPSS© Statistics vs.20.0 (α=0.05). ResultsIt was found a prevalence of 68.3% of individuals with temporomandibular joint pathology, of which 29.3% were diagnosed with disc displacement (DD) with reduction, 14.6% DD without reduction without limited opening, 17.1% with arthralgia, 24.4% with osteoarthritis and 19.5% with osteoarthrosis. None of the observed students had a diagnosis of DD without reduction with limited opening. A significant age difference of the wind instrument players was detected for the intra‐articular temporomandibular disorders (ANOVA, p=0.014), being the ones without diagnosis significantly younger than the ones with DD with reduction (T.Scheffé, p=0.021), but no difference was detected between the ones with DD without reduction/without limitation and the others. There was not an association between diagnosis and the type of instrument played (p>0.05). ConclusionIn multivariable analysis, risk factors associated with the development of temporomandibular disorder were, age and the interaction age and years of instrument practice.