Abstract
IntroductionInfantile hemangioma is the most frequent tumor of childhood. It is a benign tumor of vascular origin, which affects the pediatric age exclusively. Most follow a benign clinical course and resolve without the need for treatment, although they often cause residual lesions once resolved. The objective of this study was to carry out a descriptive study of the infantile hemangiomas evaluated in a tertiary hospital, to evaluate the incidence of residual lesions and to predict the factors related to their development. Material and methodsA retrospective observational study was carried out collecting infantile hemangiomas for which there were clinical images evaluated in the Dermatology Department of the Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, in the period between January 2009 and December 2017. ResultsThe most frequent clinical form of presentation was 74.6% female, 73.1% single lesion, mean age of onset of 1.5 months, 63.3% with superficial component, 83.3% focal, 51.1% located on the head or neck, 80% ≤3 cm. 51.5% of patients received propranolol treatment, developing an adverse reaction in 17.6% of cases, mainly night terrors. Conclusions69.2% of childhood hemangiomas developed aesthetic sequelae. Superficial dermal invasion by the tumor, a younger age of onset, and the absence of precursor lesion at birth were statistically significantly related to an increased risk of sequelae.
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