Estudio clínico-micológico de 136 tiñas en atención primaria

Abstract

BackgroundDermatophyte infections are common skin diseases in Primary Care (PC) but vary over time and between geographycal areas. ObjetivesThe aim of this study clinical cases was determined the epidemiological profile and etiological agents of dermatophytoses in two PC areas. Also sensitivity and specificity of direct wet mount microscopy 20% KOH solution (40% for nails specimens) versus culture was calculated by 2 x 2 table. MethodsIn period from 2006 to 2020 a total 327 specimens of skin, nails or hair were collected from 325 clinically suspected cases of dermatophytoses and subjected to microscopy and culture. ResultsTinea corporis (59,55%) , tinea unguium pedum (20,58%) and tinea pedis (11,76%) were predominant clinical forms. The most frequent species was Microsporum canis (36,02%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (27,94%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes (22,05%), T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale (7,35%) and Epidermophyton floccosum (6,61%). M. canis was the major pathogen causing t. capitis (66,6%) and t. corporis (58%) and predominant until 15 years, while T. rubrum was the common isolated dermatophye in t. unguium pedum (78,57%) and t. pedis (56,25%) and affected mostly up 15 years. Sensitivity was 93% and specificity 92%. ConclusionsThe results revealed a Southern European and mediterranean pattern: t. corporis and M. canis are the most frequent clinical form and etiology of dermatophyte infection.