Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the structure and dynamics of the phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental variables at the Mãe-Bá lagoon. Four samples were taken fortnightly during the rainy and dry seasons, in the limnetic zone of two sampling sites, subjected to different environmental conditions. Richness, total density, abundance, dominance, diversity and equitability of phytoplankton were analyzed. The environmental variables studied were: temperature (air/water), transparency, euphotic zone, depth, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, salinity, concentration of nitrate, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, orthophosphate, and total phosphorus. A total of 138 taxa were found and the Class Cyanophyceae was the most representative both qualitatively and quantitatively. The total phytoplankton density was high, showing the highest values in the dry season and in the point 1, considered more impacted. The lack of dominance and abundance of few species explained the values of diversity and equitability. The Mãe-Bá lagoon was characterized as a shallow environment, with slightly acidic to alkaline water, high values of temperature, dissolved oxygen, euphotic zone and transparency, and low concentrations of nutrients. The structure of phytoplankton community was influenced mainly by precipitation, transparency and water temperature, and possibly limited by nitrate and ammonia nitrogen.
Highlights
As lagoas costeiras se constituem em interfaces entre zonas costeiras, águas interiores e águas costeiras marinhas e contribuem diretamente para a manutenção do lençol freático e para a estabilidade
Estatística descritiva das variáveis ambientais avaliadas no período de ago-set/2006 e jan-fev/2007, na lagoa Mãe-Bá
Espécies das Classes Cyanophyceae e Chlorophyceae, apesar de não terem sido dominantes, foram abundantes em todos os meses amostrados, como Synechocystis aquatilis e Synechocystis sp. (Cyanophyceae), Koliella longiseta f. variabilis e Koliella longiseta f. tenues (Chlorophyceae)
Summary
A lagoa Mãe-Bá (20o45’19’’W e 46o34’29’’S) localiza-se entre os municípios de Guarapari e Anchieta, no litoral Sul do Estado do Espírito Santo (Figura 1). É um ecossistema costeiro, com área de aproximadamente 4,9 km, perímetro de 41.841 m, volume médio de 9,5 km e profundidade média de 1,9 m. O clima da região caracteriza-se como tropical quente e úmido, com temperaturas médias anuais em torno de 25oC e predominância de ventos Nordeste. O inverno é ameno e seco, e o verão quente e chuvoso, caracterizando, portanto, duas estações bem definidas ao longo do ano (CEPEMAR, 2004). Apesar de representar a segunda maior lagoa do Espírito Santo em termos de extensão e volume de água, poucos estudos foram realizados neste ambiente, especialmente com enfoque ecológico e que abordem a comunidade fitoplanctônica
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