Abstract
Estrogen stimulates the development of midbrain dopamine neurons predominantly by acting through membrane receptors coupled to Ca 2+-signaling. In this report, we describe that estrogen activates extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) in midbrain astrocytes but not neurons. This effect was inhibited by BAPTA which interrupts Ca 2+-signaling but not by antagonists specific for other signaling pathways. The activation of the MAP kinase pathway suggests a potential role for astrocytes in mediating estrogen effects in the midbrain.
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