Abstract
BackgroundThe present study aims to investigate the effects of pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) 1 on breast cancer and its underlying mechanism.MethodsGEO data set was applied to analyze the relationship between PTTG1 and survival status and the TCGA breast cancer dataset was used to explore its possible targets. The stable cell lines including PTTG1 knockdown cells, estrogen receptor (ESR) 1 knockdown cells, and PTTG1 overexpression cells were constructed. MTT was used to determine cell viabilities. Propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry were used to analyze the cell cycle. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to determine the mRNA expressions. Points mutations and luciferase reporter assays were used to determine the binding sites of estrogen.ResultsPTTG1 was associated with poor survival rates in breast cancer. In vitro study demonstrated that PTTG1 affected cell viabilities of MCF7 and T47D cells. Besides, PTTG1 affected cell cycle arrest of breast cancer cells. Overexpression of PTTG1 led to more breast cancer cells distributed in S phase. The levels of PTTG1 were associated with estrogen and further results showed that the levels of PTTG1 were positively correlated to tamoxifen resistance. Two genes including CCNA2 and CCNB2 were identified to be possible targets of PTTG1.ConclusionEstrogen-regulated PTTG1 promotes the development of breast cancer cells by the regulation of the cell cycle.
Highlights
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers in women and the death rates of breast cancer in women are ranked as 2nd worldwide (Siegel et al 2019)
The levels of Pituitary tumor transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) were associated with poor survival rates in breast cancer First, we explored the relationship between PTTG1 mRNA expression pattern and survival status of patients with breast cancer using the GSE22220 dataset
We found that the mRNA levels PTTG1were positively associated the tumor grade, which is supported by patients with severe tumor grade have high mRNA levels of PTTG1 (Fig. 1c)
Summary
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers in women and the death rates of breast cancer in women are ranked as 2nd worldwide (Siegel et al 2019). Breast cancer occurs in men it is very rare (Gucalp et al 2019). In 2019, there are estimated 268,600 women will be diagnosed as breast cancer in the United States, which accounts for 30% of newly diagnosed cancers (Eismann et al 2019; Lin et al 2019). There will be 42,260 deaths caused by breast cancer in 2019 (Lin et al 2019). There is a connection between estrogen and breast cancer, supported by. The present study aims to investigate the effects of pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) 1 on breast cancer and its underlying mechanism
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