Abstract
Objective: To evaluate, through systematic review, whether the role of estrogen influences the onset of disorders in anxiety and depression. Data Sources: The search was performed in two databases, ISI Web of Science and PubMed, using the terms estrogen, anxiety and mood. Study selection: The search produced 1060 references. Those that were repeated or not written in English were excluded. After analysis of the abstracts, 38 were selected to have their texts read, of which 18 were chosen for the execution of this review. Data collection: The PubMed and ISI Web of Science articles were extracted in June 2015. Moreover, the study was also restricted to articles that involved adult patients and were elaborated between 2005 and 2015. Results: There were six case-control observational studies, followed by four randomized clinical trials. The results in smaller quantities in the review were: three retrospective cohort observational studies and three cross-sectional studies, followed by one prospective cohort observational study. A letter to an editor was also included. The result that stood out in the review was the finding that women are twice as likely to suffer from disturbances of anxiety or mood, such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder. Conclusion: Some women there is a greater vulnerability to hormonal oscillations of estrogen (in pre-menstrual and postpartum periods and in the pre-menopause) leading to the aforementioned disorders
Highlights
The estrogen hormone is defined as being responsible for the control of ovulation and for the development of feminine characteristics
The result that stood out in the review was the finding that women are twice as likely to suffer from disturbances of anxiety or mood, such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder
Some women there is a greater vulnerability to hormonal oscillations of estrogen leading to the aforementioned disorders
Summary
The estrogen hormone is defined as being responsible for the control of ovulation and for the development of feminine characteristics. It works like a kind of energy supplement. It is a known fact that women are more likely to report symptoms of depression and anxiety during premenstrual, postpartum and perimenopausal periods, when estrogen levels are low [1,2]. Generalized anxiety, panic and post-traumatic stress disorders are highly prevalent in this female physiological framework. One reason for this is the difference in ovarian hormones which oscillate in women during their reproductive life and alter the emotional process [5]
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