Abstract
Resumo Este artigo tem por finalidade avançar nas reflexões sobre os fenômenos denominados estresse, retaliação e percepção de injustiça e, por meio da análise de suas inter-relações, propor um modelo teórico que os integre. Para tanto, a literatura especializada demonstrou que a percepção de injustiça pode ser considerada variável antecedente para que o estresse ocupacional se desenvolva e, por sua vez, a retaliação se efetive. Assim, a percepção de injustiça é considerada a conexão para o entrelaçamento entre estresse ocupacional e retaliação. Essa relação parece oportuna porque tanto as pesquisas referentes ao estresse ocupacional como as pesquisas sobre a retaliação colocam a percepção de injustiça como fator relevante para ambos os temas, mas nenhuma das pesquisas disponíveis vislumbrou a articulação teórica desses fenômenos. Após a demonstração do modelo que integra os fenômenos supracitados, apresenta-se uma agenda de pesquisa que inclui perspectivas metodológicas e temáticas.
Highlights
This article proposes an integrative theoretical model to contribute to understanding the phenomena of stress, retaliation, and perception of injustice, present in organizations.Studies on occupational stress have gained relevance due to the acceleration of organizational changes and contemporary trends related to work and employment restructuring, and the implementation of management models (BOHLE, QUINLAN and MAYHEW, 2001)
The little research on organizational retaliatory behavior may be explained by the fact that studies on organizational behavior neglected for a long time the negative or antisocial aspects of behaviors considered negative or counterproductive to the organization, as is the case of retaliation (ASSMAR, FERREIRA and SOUTO, 2005; MENDONÇA, TORRES and ZANINI, 2008)
Retaliation may be understood as a set of negative behaviors that usually occur in response to the perception of injustice, in which the individual punishes the organization or its representatives to restore their psychic balance (SKARLICKI and FOLGER 1997; MENDONÇA, 2003)
Summary
This article proposes an integrative theoretical model to contribute to understanding the phenomena of stress, retaliation, and perception of injustice, present in organizations. Organizational injustice may trigger problems such as suffering at work, lack of commitment at work, burnout, occupational stress, and retaliatory behavior (REGO, 2000, 2001; MENDONÇA and TAMAYO, 2004, 2008; ASSMAR, FERREIRA and SOUTO, 2005). The perception of injustice seems to work as a link that justifies the interweaving between occupational stress and retaliation This relationship seems timely because the studies both on occupational stress and on retaliation consider the perception of injustice as a relevant element, but none of these studies have observed theoretical connections around the three phenomena. The proposal of a research agenda is presented with methodological and thematic perspectives, followed by the final reflections
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