Abstract

Astronomy is a very ancient science. All civilizations have applied it to practical life necessities, such as predicting the appropriate sowing season, the outbreak of epidemics, the right time for the administration of medicines or starting business, and to forecast bad or good years. All those eventualities were thought to be subject to the influence of celestial bodies. Galileo Galilei, physician and astronomer, in the foundations of his Nuova Scienza ratified the heliocentric system. On the 26th of August, 1609, he demonstrated his astronomical telescope to the Venetian Senate in the Piazza San Marco. Using this instrument he performed remarkable calculations of star positions. The International Year of Astronomy 2009 has been proclaimed to commemorate the 400 years of his invention of the telescope.

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