Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo: discutir, a partir do referencial da complexidade, as estratégias de ação e interação adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde para o cuidado à criança hospitalizada com dor oncológica crônica. Método: pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com base no referencial metodológico da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados e no referencial teórico do Pensamento Complexo, na perspectiva de Edgar Morin. A entrevista semiestruturada e a observação não participante foram utilizadas para a coleta de dados. Participaram da pesquisa 21 profissionais de saúde, os quais foram organizados em três grupos amostrais: enfermeiros; técnicos de enfermagem; e profissionais da equipe multiprofissional de saúde. Os resultados da pesquisa foram validados por cinco examinadores, dos quais três apresentam expertise no método de pesquisa. Resultados: a categoria “Lidando com a complexidade do contexto gerencial de cuidado à criança com dor oncológica crônica”, por meio de suas subcategorias, revelou que os profissionais de saúde utilizam o lúdico, o diálogo, a empatia, a relação afetiva e o trabalho em equipe como estratégias de interação para cuidar da criança e do familiar. Ademais, os resultados apresentam a busca da espiritualidade e do equilíbrio emocional como estratégias de ação necessárias para lidar com o sofrimento infantil e familiar. Conclusão: os resultados revelam a necessidade de os profissionais de saúde estabelecerem estratégias de ação que melhorem a sua interação com a criança e com o familiar, posto que uma efetiva interação facilita o processo de avaliação e manejo da dor, bem como viabiliza a continuidade e a qualidade do cuidado prestado.

Highlights

  • Pain is one of the most common symptoms experienced by the child with cancer, and the one that causes more suffering

  • It should be highlighted that the pharmacist who participated in the research informed that she did not work directly in the care of the child with cancer, given her responsibility in managing the institution’s pharmacy. She mentioned that for two years she has been working in a team with the healthcare professionals of the Pediatric Hospitalization Unit, subsidizing drugs capable of promoting the relief of chronic cancer pain

  • The action and interaction strategies adopted by healthcare professionals to care for hospitalized children with chronic cancer pain should be developed in a way that is contrary to isolated thoughts and interventions

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Summary

Introduction

Pain is one of the most common symptoms experienced by the child with cancer, and the one that causes more suffering. The cancer pain may have as causes: the presence of an underlying disease, the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, as well as the own progression of the disease.[1,2,3] At this juncture, the World Health Organization reveals that, in developing countries, where many children have advanced cancer and few have access to effective treatment, the cancer pain is related to the progression of the disease. Child cancer pain is related to the treatment and to the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.[4]. The cancer pain may manifest in the child as acute or chronic. The American Society of Pain points out that while the acute pain is usually self-limited, in some patients, the pain persists beyond the expected cure time (arbitrarily defined > 3-6 months) and progresses to chronic pain.[5]

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