Estrategias de evaluación funcional en deportistas

Abstract

Sports has been associated with the possible appearance of injuries either during workouts or in competitions; but, considering the intensity in high-performance sports, it is more likely that injuries will appear. Considering the above, a sports injury, is the damage caused by physical exercise, to the structure, either of the muscle, bone or soft tissue causing discomfort, feeling of pain and, as a consequence, a decrease of performance to prevent this from happening. It is important to constantly assess and monitor the physical qualities by means of tests or batteries of specific in this case of functional evaluation, which assess the quality of the specific movements of each athlete and the discipline, the re-entry to the sport and, as some authors refer, the prediction of muscle injuries. Objective: to identify the tests or scales currently used for functional evaluation in athletes. Materials and methods: a documentary review of the existing literature in the period 2010-2020 was carried out according to the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results and conclusions: the results indicate that in the field of functional evaluation of the athlete there is little scientific evidence in certain tests, which is why it is necessary to explore and consider the possibility of creating new assessment batteries specific to each sport discipline, in order to complement the physiotherapist’s functions from aspects of prevention of sports injuries, empowerment and sports rehabilitation.