Abstract
OBJECTIVES:Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) in the intestine could lead to severe endothelial injury, compromising intestinal motility. Reportedly, estradiol can control local and systemic inflammation induced by I/R injury. Thus, we investigated the effects of estradiol treatment on local repercussions in an intestinal I/R model.METHODS:Rats were subjected to ischemia via the occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (45 min) followed by reperfusion (2h). Thirty minutes after ischemia induction (E30), 17β-estradiol (E2) was administered as a single dose (280 μg/kg, intravenous). Sham-operated animals were used as controls.RESULTS:I/R injury decreased intestinal motility and increased intestinal permeability, accompanied by reduced mesenteric endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and endothelin (ET) protein expression. Additionally, the levels of serum injury markers and inflammatory mediators were elevated. Estradiol treatment improved intestinal motility, reduced intestinal permeability, and increased eNOS and ET expression. Levels of injury markers and inflammatory mediators were also reduced following estradiol treatment.CONCLUSION:Collectively, our findings indicate that estradiol treatment can modulate the deleterious intestinal effects of I/R injury. Thus, estradiol mediates the improvement in gut barrier functions and prevents intestinal dysfunction, which may reduce the systemic inflammatory response.
Highlights
Acute mesenteric ischemia is characterized by the interruption of blood flow to the intestine and is most commonly attributed to the obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) [1]
The experimental design addressed the hypothesis that estradiol locally modulates the inflammatory response induced by intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, and systemic mediators/markers
We evaluated specific parameters associated with local and systemic inflammatory responses elicited by intestinal I/R injury in male rats
Summary
Acute mesenteric ischemia is characterized by the interruption of blood flow to the intestine and is most commonly attributed to the obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) [1]. This difficult-to-diagnose emergency can result in severe local and systemic inflammation and should be quickly treated; it presents a high morbidity and mortality rate [2,3]. Treatments that can promptly control the progress of inflammatory processes and subsequent tissue injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) should be investigated. Received for publication on December 11, 2020. Accepted for publication on March 4, 2021
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