Estiramientos analíticos y stretching global activo en clases de educación física

Abstract

Objectives To study the effectiveness of the global active stretching (SGA) in 16-17 year old students and to compare it to analytical stretching. Material and methods A prospective, randomized study was performed. Inclusion criteria: 16-17 years-old and informed consent from parents. Exclusion criteria: pathology and/or pain, practice regulated sport. A total of 33 students were randomly assigned to groups 1 (SGA), 2 (analytical stretching) and 3 (physical education). Some aspects were assessed before and after the research: height, speed, vertical jump, horizontal jump, stride, distance from occipital/back/sacrum to the vertical, posture and flexibility: general, of the dorsal-lumbar musculature (showing the relation between the anterior chain and the lower and upper limbs), the hamstrings and the posterior chain. Results The Pearson's chi-square test associated the SGA group with improved sense of improving flexibility and posture. According to the ANOVA and post-hoc tests of multiple comparisons, there was significant improvement in the SGA group compared to groups 2 and/or 3 in: height (P<.05), posterior chain flexibility (P<.005), left hamstring flexibility (P<.05) and flexibility of the dorsal-lumbar musculature in relation with the anterior chain of the lower limbs (P<.005). According to the Brown-Forsythe and the post-hoc, there is a significant improvement in SGA group in general flexibility ( P<.02) and occipital-vertical distance ( P <.02). It could be seen in the photographs obtained in different positions that the SGA group had the most significant improvements and in a greater number of photos. Conclusions SGA is effective and even more than the analytical stretching in the aspects mentioned above. Due to the good results, further investigation in other areas and ages would be interesting.