Estimations of Polycyclic Aliphatic Hydrocarbon and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Aquatic Faunas Found in Foccardos Terminal River in Port Harcourt, Rivers State

Abstract

Increasing water bodies and water inhabitants’ pollution has posed a great global concern as aquatic animals are continually endangered with effluents from various sources. Polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons are Poly Nuclear Aliphatic Hydrocarbons and organic matter without fused ring and contains hydrogen and carbons invariably with or without substituent attached to it, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) is a term used to describe a large family of several hundred chemical compounds that originally come from crude oil. In this study, Petroleum hydrocarbons such as Petroleum Aliphatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) and Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) were analyzed for in the seven sampled aquatic animals using Gas Chromatographic technique. Petroleum Aliphatic Hydrocarbons attained higher concentrations in n-hexadecane, tetracosane and tetradecane with concentration values of 0.49 ± 0.29, 0.59 ± 0.94 and 0.97 ± 0.64 mg/kg respectively. It was found in this study that even chain aliphatic hydrocarbons were found in all the samples and dominated the odd chains aliphatic hydrocarbons. Heavy weight Aliphatic Hydrocarbons like hexacosane and triaconane were not detected in all the tested aquatic animals as Octacosane was found in only three of the aquatic animals while hexatricontane was found in only one of the samples. Odd chain aliphatic hydrocarbons like Nonane and Nonadecane attained their highest concentrations of 0.19 ± 0.15 and 0.33 ± 0.45 mg/kg respectively. It was gathered from the results of this experiment that Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) is greater than the aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons in all the tested aquatic faunas from the Forcados River. TPH and TAH recorded maximum concentrations of 3.64 ± 0.94 and 3.46 ± 0.91 mg/kg respectively