Abstract
The background radiation of the areas was collected at random for each point using a rados survey meter. The detectors (two rados survey meter were used) were placed 1 meter above the ground with the operator positioned a few meters away. Three (3) readings were taking from each detector in other to reduce error or reach accuracy in obtaining the background readings from each randomly selected point where soil samples were later collected.
 In the current study, the concentration levels of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) of 40K, 232Th, and 238U in the surface soil samples of selected areas in kigo road new extension Kaduna north, Kaduna in Nigeria were studied. The collected soil samples were analyzed by means of gamma-ray spectrometry. The mean activity concentrations of the natural occurring radionuclides of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the soil samples were estimated to be 62, 78.35, 227.17 Bq/kg respectively for kigo road new extension respectively. Radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent were also calculated for assessment of radiological risk. External hazard value (Hex) is between 0.3163 and 0.9557 and Internal hazard value is between 0.4462 and 1.1618. The worldwide average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples from various studies around the world have values of 37, 30 and 400 Bq/kg respectively [UNSCEAR, 2000]. The values compared well with published data from UNSCEAR shows Ra-226, Th-232 from the location are well above the standards while K-40 below the risk value.
Highlights
15 locations in general were identified for the soil samples (KGRP location id given to point where samples were collected for kigo road new extension)
In other to ascertain the quality and the reliability of measurements the NaI detector was calibrated with respect to energy and efficiency using standard radionuclides, the terrestrial gamma dose rates measured at 1 meter above the ground at the sampling points in the study area are shown in Table [1, 2]
The aim of this research work was to assess the risks to members of the public in the study area from exposure to natural sources of radiation from flooded soil samples
Summary
Estimation of radiological level of flooded soil sample in Kaduna metropolitan, Kaduna state Nigeria. Radioactivity is a natural occurring phenomenon in the environment. Particles or electromagnetic radiation are emitted from the nucleus. The most common forms of radiation emitted have been traditionally classified as alpha (α), beta (β), and gamma (γ) radiations. Nuclear radiation occurs in other forms, including the emission of protons or neutrons or spontaneous fission of a massive nucleus
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