Estimation on the Hereditary Pattern of Ear Character on Purple Corn (Zea mays L. Var amylacea) of S5 Population

Abstract

Information on hereditary pattern was used as determinant of the success in plant breeding, which was functioned as the selection method. Such method would be effective if it is supported by knowledge about hereditary pattern of a character. Objective of this research was to obtain some information about the hereditary pattern of tip filling on the purple corn as a result of cross-breeding between two groups of genotype RILs generation S4. The first parent group has the tip filling character (G1-P, G37-P, G39-P, G38-P, G36-P, G35-P, G34-P, G33-P, G27-P and G12-P), the second parent group has incomplete tip filling character (G40- TP, G4-TP, G2-TP, G3-TP, G5-TP, G6-TP, G7-TP, G8-TP, G14-TP, G29-TP). Result of the research showed the effect of male parent on the tip filling. The gene action in tip filling is over-dominant, partial recessive and partial dominant that depends on its crossbred pairs. The tip filling character has high hereditary, and other characters that have high hereditary include the plant height and the ear height. Characters that have tolerable values include leaf length, leaf width, panicle length, and kernel weight; meanwhile, characters that have low values include peduncle length, ear length, and length of dried corn husk, ear weight, and weight of dried corn husk, number of row kernel, kernel length, and width of kernel.