Abstract
In cold and wet years, powdery mildew (<em>Blumeria graminis</em>) causes losses in the yield of winter rye (<em>Secale cerale</em> L.) amounting to 20%. In order to control the incidence of this disease and reduce the use of fungicides, it is recommendable to grow winter rye cultivars that are resistant or tolerant to infection by <em>Blumeria</em> <em>graminis</em>. The first step in the programmes of resistance-oriented cultivation of winter rye is the choice of adequate components for crossing. Such components should be characterized by resistance to powdery mildew infection, a trait which would be passed onto the new genotypes to be obtained. The paper discusses the outcome of research aimed at selecting inbred lines of winter rye distinguishable by the lowest susceptibility to infection by <em>Blumeria graminis</em>. The evaluation covered 233 winter rye genotypes which had been inoculated with a field population of the pathogen mentioned. The level of infection was defined in a five-point scale from 0 to 4 (the authors’ own scale). Next, the results were analyzed statistically. The genotypes under study were divided using Duncan’s test into homogeneous groups. Seven such groups were distinguished. The first homogeneous group, of the lowest level of infection, comprised five inbred lines of rye. These lines can serve as components for crossing experiments in programmes of resistance-oriented breeding.
Highlights
Winter rye (Secale cereale L.) occupies the second position in terms of area under cultivation in Poland and is one the most important cereal species used in food industry
The research material was consisted of 233 inbred lines of winter rye Secale cereale L.comprised in Henryk Bujak, Andrzej Jurkowski the collection owned by the Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production at the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
In order to verify the significance of the variation in the winter rye material studied with respect to resistance to powdery mildew, one-way analysis of variance was performed for a completely randomized design
Summary
Winter rye (Secale cereale L.) occupies the second position in terms of area under cultivation in Poland and is one the most important cereal species used in food industry. A disease caused by Blumeria graminis, can cause substantial yield losses, reaching 20%, under conditions favourable to the development of this pathogen. The negative impact of powdery mildew infection on the yielding ability of the crop is significant in the case of cultivars characterized by a shortened leaf [1]. This is so because with leaf shortening the proportion of leaves in the general assimilation balance increases in this species [2,3,4]. The above-mentioned forms are specialized to invade species from the genera, respectively, Hordeum, Triticum, Secale, and Avena [5,6]
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