Abstract
Computer simulation seems to be one of the cheapest and relatively fast methods of investigating vehicle motion. Thereby, it may be important in the case of calculations for the reconstruction of traffic incidents. In particular, that may be important to answer the following question: How wheels' normal reaction forces differ during the cornering of a vehicle?
 In this article, the authors presented how the normal reaction forces vary in the case of roll motion of a vehicle body. Suitable mathematical equations are presented. Furthermore, the measurements of the height of the centre of gravity were performed, which was necessary to obtain the normal reaction forces while vehicle body rolls. The authors decided to apply dimensionless coefficients, which represented the properties of a front and rear suspension. Additionally, dimensionless parameters were applied to consider the impact of asymmetrical distribution of vehicle load on normal reaction forces of wheels on a road surface.
Highlights
Automotive safety depends on many factors related to a vehicle, driver and space surrounding them
The difference between the results obtained from calculations based on the right and left wheels of the vehicle are due to the measurement errors, but because they are small, the average values were used as the test result: RF = -0.160, RR = -0.189
The tangential transverse and longitudinal forces arise as well, which are transmitted between the tyre and pavement, are dependent on these normal forces
Summary
Automotive safety depends on many factors related to a vehicle, driver and space surrounding them. If one discusses problems connected with vehicles, one can apply different mathematical apparatus to describe vehicle’s motion, for example the Lozia’s model [1]. Knowledge of estimation of the changeability of wheels’ normal reaction forces on the road surface cannot be skipped in some circumstances. It takes place, if one wants to simulate vehicle’s curvilinear motion more precisely. The double-track vehicle model is used there, including the roll motion of a vehicle’s body, influencing normal reaction forces. Those forces depend on suspension properties such as stiffness and damping. Special force sensors mounted on a special tyre rim are applied as presented in paper [9]
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