Abstract
Consideration of the possibility of transporting compressed hydrogen through existing gas pipelines leads to the need to study the regularities of the effect of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of steels in relation to the conditions of their operation in pipelines (operating pressure range, stress state of the pipe metal, etc.). This article provides an overview of the types of influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of steels, including those used for the manufacture of pipelines. The effect of elastic and plastic deformations on the intensity of hydrogen saturation of steels and changes in their strength and plastic deformations is analyzed. An assessment of the potential losses of transported hydrogen through the pipeline wall as a result of diffusion has been made. The main issues that need to be solved for the development of a scientifically grounded conclusion on the possibility of using existing gas pipelines for the transportation of compressed hydrogen are outlined.
Highlights
Research activities have intensified in the global industry and academia in anticipation of the upcoming European Green Deal implementation of measures aimed at minimizing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and creating a carbon-neutral zone in Europe by 2050
The most acceptable option is the transportation of hydrogen through existing steel gas pipelines designed for pumping natural gas, the practical implementation of which is hampered by a number of unsolved technical problems, ranging from the possibility of pipeline explosion [17] and ending with its destruction due to the possible negative impact of hydrogen on mechanical properties of the pipe material [22,23], as well as significant losses arising when pumping compressed hydrogen through a pipeline [24]
At the same time, according to the data presented, plastic deformation of steel structures in an atmosphere of gaseous H2 and its mixtures intensifies the process of saturation of structures with hydrogen, accompanied by a decrease in the strength and plastic properties of the material of structures
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The possibilities of creating specialized pipeline systems for transporting hydrogen are being studied, as economic calculations show [21], the creation of such systems will be economically justified only when the market share of hydrogen energy reaches at least 10% In this regard, the most acceptable option is the transportation of hydrogen through existing steel gas pipelines designed for pumping natural gas, the practical implementation of which is hampered by a number of unsolved technical problems, ranging from the possibility of pipeline explosion [17] and ending with its destruction due to the possible negative impact of hydrogen on mechanical properties of the pipe material [22,23], as well as significant losses arising when pumping compressed hydrogen through a pipeline [24]. The result of the work is the identification of the main issues that need to be resolved in order to develop a scientifically grounded conclusion on the possibility of using existing gas pipelines for the transportation of compressed hydrogen
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