Abstract

A method of visual estimation of the biological age of living hungry tick females by visible changes in the depth of the marginal groove and the structure of the alloscutum cuticle during natural ageing is developed. In recently activated individuals, the body is convex and the marginal groove is exposed, demonstrating distinctly visible cuticular microfolds. In attenuated ticks, the body is flattened and the marginal fold overlays the marginal groove, concealing cuticular microfolds.

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