Abstract
Optical microscopy of biological tissues at the 1700[Formula: see text]nm window has enabled deeper penetration, due to the combined advantage of relatively small water absorption and tissue scattering at this wavelength. Compared with excitation at other wavelengths, such as the commonly used 800[Formula: see text]nm window for two-photon microscopy, water absorption at the 1700[Formula: see text]nm window is more than one order of magnitude higher. As a result, more temperature rise can be expected and can be potentially detrimental to biological tissues. Here, we present theoretical estimation of temperature rise at the focus of objective lens at the 1700[Formula: see text]nm window, purely due to water absorption. Our calculated result shows that under realistic experimental conditions, temperature rise due to water absorption is still below 1[Formula: see text]K and may not cause tissue damage during imaging.
Highlights
Optical microscopy enables us to uncover the structure of the microscopic world and even the dynamics lying within
Due to the relatively high water absorption, after only 10 ms for 20 mW irradiation, the temperature rises by 12.4 K with an numerical aperture (NA) 1⁄4 1:05 objective lens
In (8), the authors introduced normalized form of Eq (1), from which we learn that for a certain irradiation time, the calculated temperature rise is linear on power
Summary
Optical microscopy enables us to uncover the structure of the microscopic world and even the dynamics lying within. This is due to the fact that at this wavelength, tissue absorption due to water This is an Open Access article published by World Scientic Publishing Company. Temperature distribution, measured as the full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) values along both the axial and radial directions, was calculated to estimate the spatial scales to which this temperature rise may in°uence the biological samples. Based on these results, we do not expect that tissue damage could be induced under practical experimental conditions, due to the
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