Abstract
The structural deformed shape (SDS) is considered an important factor for evaluating structural conditions owing to its direct relationship with structural stiffness. Recently, an SDS estimation method based on displacement data from a limited number of data points was developed. Although the method showed good performance with a sufficient number of measured data points, application of the SDS estimation method for on-site structures has been quite limited because collecting sufficient displacement data measured from a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can be quite expensive. Thus, the development of an affordable SDS estimation method with a certain level of accuracy is essential for field application of the SDS estimation technique. This paper proposes an improved SDS estimation method using displacement data combined with additional slope and strain data that can improve the accuracy of the SDS estimation method and reduce the required number of GNSSs. The estimation algorithm was established based on shape superposition with various combined response data (displacement, slope, and strain) and the least-squares method. The proposed SDS estimation method was verified using a finite element method model. In the validation process, three important issues that may affect the estimation accuracy were analyzed: effect of shape function type, sensor placement method, and effectiveness of using multi-response data. Then, the improved SDS estimation method developed in this study was compared with existing SDS estimation methods from the literature. Consequently, it was found that the proposed method can reduce the number of displacement data required to estimate rational SDS by using additional slope and strain data. It is expected that cost-effective structural health monitoring (SHM) can be established using the proposed estimation method.
Highlights
As bridges across the world continue aging, structural health monitoring (SHM)systems are being established and operated in many developed countries [1,2,3,4,5]
An mode shape function (MSF) derived by frequency analysis and structural shape function function (SSF) derived by static mation results
An MSF derived by frequency analysis and SSF derived by static analysis analysis can be used as a shape function
Summary
As bridges across the world continue aging, structural health monitoring (SHM)systems are being established and operated in many developed countries [1,2,3,4,5]. In an SHM system, measurement data such as displacement, strain, acceleration, slope, temperature, and wind speed measured by each sensor are collected and managed. These measurement data can be used directly and indirectly to evaluate the conditions of a bridge. For the SHM of infrastructures, various structural responses, such as displacement, slope, and strain, are generated by an external load. Displacement can be considered as one of the representative responses and can be used to evaluate the integrity of a bridge It has been used for integrity evaluation by comparing it with the deflection limit determined through various methods such as numerical analysis and load testing. Linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) and laser Doppler vibrometers (LDVs) are frequently used to measure displacement, but they have limitations, such as the requirement of additional fixed reference points and sensitivity to the surrounding climate
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