Abstract
Seepage flow through railway ballast is estimated, with the aim of reducing design flows in conventional stormwater drainage components. Flow-head equations are derived for ballast on flat and superelevated railway formations. A simple but effective experimental determination of frictional parameters of the ballast material is described, with guidelines on selecting appropriate model scale and range of test conditions. Some test results are discussed, and a method of allowing for different ballast size and porosity is proposed. Justification is given for allowing for ballast flow in drainage design, discussing circumstances in which the additional flow capacity was and was not allowed.
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