Abstract
A method to estimate source range in environments that exhibit three-dimensional propagation effects is presented. A hybrid modeling technique using vertical modes and horizontal rays is employed. Results are obtained in a computationally efficient manner and require limited knowledge of the environment. The method is applied to data recorded on a horizontal line array located 12 km east of the southern coast of Florida. The results show an average error of 3.7% in estimating the range of an acoustic source located 20 to 63 km away from the array.
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