Abstract
.Significance: Hemoglobin oxygen saturation and red blood cell (RBC) tissue fraction are important parameters when assessing microvascular status. Functional information can be attained using temporally resolved measurements performed during stimulus–response protocols. Pointwise assessments can currently be conducted with probe-based systems. However, snapshot multispectral imaging (MSI) can be used for spatial–temporal measurements.Aim: To validate if hemoglobin oxygen saturation and RBC tissue fraction can be quantified using a snapshot MSI system and an inverse Monte Carlo algorithm.Approach: Skin tissue measurements from the MSI system were compared to those from a validated probe-based system during arterial and venous occlusion provocation on 24 subjects in the wavelength interval 450 to 650 nm, to evaluate a wide range of hemoglobin oxygen saturation and RBC tissue fraction levels.Results: Arterial occlusion results show a mean linear regression for hemoglobin oxygen saturation. Comparing relative RBC tissue fraction during venous occlusion results in . The MSI system shows larger dynamic changes than the reference system, which might be explained by a deeper sampling including more capacitance vessels.Conclusions: The snapshot MSI system estimates hemoglobin oxygen saturation and RBC tissue fraction in skin microcirculation showing a high correlation ( in most subjects) with those measured by the reference method.
Highlights
Tissue microcirculation involves the smallest vessels of the circulatory system: a network of capillaries that supply cells in the body with oxygen and nutrients and simultaneously remove waste products emanating from the cell breathing cycle
The snapshot multispectral imaging (MSI) system estimates hemoglobin oxygen saturation and red blood cell (RBC) tissue fraction in skin microcirculation showing a high correlation (R2 > 0.9 in most subjects) with those measured by the reference method
Simplified homogeneous or layered tissue models combined with diffusion theory or Monte Carlo simulations can be used to decompose the measured diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) signal.[6]
Summary
Tissue microcirculation involves the smallest vessels of the circulatory system: a network of capillaries that supply cells in the body with oxygen and nutrients and simultaneously remove waste products emanating from the cell breathing cycle. Anomalies in distribution at a local microcirculatory level can reveal early signs of sickness through parameters such as hemoglobin oxygen saturation level and red blood cell (RBC) tissue fraction.[1] Baseline values may reveal important physiological information, but more often the circulatory system’s ability to adapt to natural or induced stimuli is evaluated in clinical settings. Ewerlöf et al.: Estimation of skin microcirculatory hemoglobin oxygen saturation and red blood cell. The amount of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin may be estimated using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to study hemoglobin oxygen saturation and RBC tissue fraction. Backscattered photons that are detected and resolved spectrally carry information about tissue composition. Depending on the geometry in a fiber optic probe or in an imaging setup, different photon transportation models need to be applied to untangle this information. Simplified homogeneous or layered tissue models combined with diffusion theory or Monte Carlo simulations can be used to decompose the measured DRS signal.[6]
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