Abstract
Mining is a core industry in Sweden and plays an important role in the economic development throughout the country. Though the importance of mining dust has been well recognized, the quantification of dust production with regard to individual source activity has rarely been done in Sweden. Depending on the type of source activity, dust estimation method can be chosen from three alternatives: exposure profiling methods, back calculation method, and wind erosion prediction method. Also included in the paper is an example of experiment, which was executed on two unpaved roads in Lulea, Sweden by using exposure profiling method. The experiment concluded that dust emission due to vehicle transportation is strongly dependent on traveling speed and road bed material.
Highlights
Mining is a core industry in Sweden and plays an important role in the economic development throughout the country
In Sweden TRAKER system has been used to study the relationship between dust concentration, vehicle speed, and tyre types, to find hot spots of dust emission, and to exam, the efficiency of dust control [3,4,5]
Depending on the type of source activity, dust estimation method can be chosen from three alternatives: exposure profiling methods, back calculation method [6], and wind erosion prediction method [7]
Summary
Mining is a core industry in Sweden and plays an important role in the economic development throughout the country. Exposure profiling method is to measure the passage of airborne particulate matter immediately downwind from the source by simultaneous multipoint sampling of particle concentration over the effective cross section of a dust plume. Back calculation should be possible to estimation dust emission rate from the source This method measures the downwind dust concentration at a certain point. No samplers needed at the up to wind direction on the road because the wind velocity was insufficient to activate wind erosion of surface material, and the background dust was assumed to be 0. The measurements were done on the road sections which were perpendicular in the wind direction to ensure the largest amount of dust to be obtained in the samplers. The difference to the weight before and after the drying process is the amount of the water existed in the sample
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